Using together nicotinamide mononucleotide and nicotinamide riboside creates a powerful synergistic effect for restoring NAD+ naturally. While nicotinamide riboside absorbs through ENT1/ENT3 pathways and requires NRK1 NRK2 enzymes, NMN leverages the Slc12a8 transporter for efficient utilization. This dual-pathway approach enhances mitochondrial function by supporting diverse biosynthetic pathways.